Detection of any sign of imbalance triggers a respective microglial reaction. However, microglia also has important functions in a healthy brain. During proper brain development, microglia shape neuronal connections by phagocyting redundant synapses, unnecessary axons, dendrites, and entire neuron. Self-renewal and homeostasis of microglia are maintained by several factors, like colony stimulating factor 1 and interleukin-34. The deregulation of those factors results in microglial dysfunction and is associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, a form of dementia that usually appears in the elderly, characterized by partial or complete loss of memory and cognition. Recently, it was postulated that excessive phagocytosis by microglial cells activated by disturbed neuronal signalling has detrimental role in the progression of AD related pathology. Microglial phagocytosis was also assessed in the BV2 cells pre-treated with 50 nM and subsequently exposed to fluorescently label for 2 h. During incubation with we did not observe changes in the morphology of the cells. The species were efficiently phagocytosed by BV2 cells during 2 h of incubation, as visualized using confocal microscopy, green arrows and quantified using flow cytometry. Preincubation with significantly reduced the amount of ingested by microglial cells indicating the important role of BET proteins in control ling phagocytosis by microglia. steoarthritis OA is a chronic progressive disease with a complex multifactorial etiology. The disease results in a progressive loss of articular cartilage structure and function, especially in middle-aged and older patients. OA is considered one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases affecting the joints of the knee, hips, or hands and one of the most frequent causes of the disability. This joint disorder affects millions of people worldwide Currently, 25% of people over the age of 21, or more than 50 million people in the United States, are affected by OA, whereas in Europe it is about 100 million people. OA occurs due to the progressive and continuous destruction of articular cartilage due to different primary and secondary causes. The main clinical signs include chronic pain, joint instability, stiffness, and joint space narrowing, which is confirmed by radiography. Although OA mainly affects the elderly, sports-related injuries can lead to post-traumatic regardless of age. It has been shown that, despite careful postoperative care occurs in 20% to 50% of patients.

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